Selaus nimekkeen mukaan kokoelmassa VATT Working Papers
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Anatomy of public procurement
VATT Working Papers : 118 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus, 11.04.2019)We provide novel stylized facts about competition, bidding, entry and bidders across a wide spectrum of public procurement auctions using comprehensive and rich Finnish data. Competition for publicly procured contracts is ... -
Are Voters Rational?
VATT Working Papers : 50 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 27.09.2013)We test whether voters are rational in the sense that their decision to cast a vote depends on its expected impact on the election outcomes. We provide causal evidence on this rational voting hypothesis by using exogenous ... -
Assessing the Productivity Consequences of Agri-Environmental Practices When Adoption Is Endogenous
VATT Working Papers : 112 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus, 17.12.2018)We address the general problem of selection bias, endemic to analyzing the effects of any policy where adoption is voluntary, with empirical application to environmental policies for agriculture. Many voluntary practices ... -
Best Education Money Can Buy? Capitalization of School Quality in Finland
VATT Working Papers : 58 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 05.12.2014)By international comparison, Finnish pupil achievement is high and school achievement differences small. The Finnish education system is unusual also because there are no national testing programs and information on school ... -
Causality in Quantiles and Dynamic Relations in Energy Markets
VATT Working Papers : 116 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus, 18.03.2019)In this paper we investigate the dynamic relations between crude oil price returns and a set of energy price returns, namely diesel, gasoline, heating, and the natural gas. This is performed by means of Granger non-causality ... -
Changes in job stability - evidence from lifetime job histories
VATT Working Papers : 14 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 18.02.2010)We use lifetime job histories from the pension records to evaluate changes in job stability in Finland between 1963 and 2004. We specify a duration model and estimate the effects of elapsed duration, age, and calendar time ... -
Changing the unemployment insurance duration: heterogeneous effects and an unbudging exit spike
VATT Working Papers : 158 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus, 19.10.2023)I study the effects of the maximum duration of unemployment insurance benefits on unemployment. I find highly heterogeneous effects across two consecutive reforms in Finland. Both reforms cut the maximum duration by 20 ... -
City-wide effects of new housing supply: Evidence from moving chains
VATT Working Papers : 146 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus, 31.08.2021)We study the city-wide effects of new, centrally-located market-rate housing supply using geo-coded total population register data from the Helsinki Metropolitan Area. The supply of new market rate units triggers moving ... -
Coalition formation and political decision making: Evidence from Finnish municipal mergers
VATT Working Papers : 19 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 20.12.2010)This paper analyzes empirically the coalition formation of local governments. We introduce a novel econometric strategy involving choice based sampling from a spatial network to allow for multi-partner mergers in our ... -
Combining Part-time Work and Social Benefits: Empirical Evidence from Finland
VATT Working Papers : 159 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus, 09.11.2023)We use detailed, population-wide data from Finland to provide evidence of the impact of earnings disregard policies on part-time work during unemployment spells, and describe the longer-run trends in combining part-time ... -
Common Pool Problems in Voluntary Municipal Mergers
VATT Working Papers : 53 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 27.12.2013)We analyze free-riding behavior by Finnish municipalities prior to municipal mergers. The merger process creates a temporary common pool problem, which arises because of a delay from the initial merger decision to the ... -
Company heterogeneity and mark-up variability
VATT Working Papers : 32 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 03.07.2012)Mark-ups are often assumed to be constant for all firms within a sector in theoretical models. This paper reflects empirically on the distributions of companies mark-ups in order to test this assumption. We use exhaustive, ... -
Corporate tax in an international environment - Problems and possible remedies
VATT Working Papers : 62 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 17.03.2015)This paper addresses the problems of corporate taxation in a globalized world. It first illustrates recent trends in international practices and then reviews the literature on the effects of corporate taxes in closed and ... -
Digital Waste? Unintended Consequences of Health Information Technology
VATT Working Papers : 117 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus, 04.04.2019)We exploit a large-scale natural experiment - the rollout of a nationwide electronic prescribing system in Finland - to study how digitization of prescriptions affects pharmaceutical use and health outcomes. We use ... -
Dimensions of health care system quality in Finland
VATT Working Papers : 31 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 28.05.2012)This paper evaluates the determinants of quality - cost relationship in primary health care. We first summarize information from various indicators of care by principal component analysis (PCA), effectively producing quality ... -
Dimming Hopes for Nuclear Power: Quantifying the Social Costs of Perceptions of Risks
VATT Working Papers : 57 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 08.07.2016)The preferences expressed in voting on nuclear reactor licenses and the risk perceptions of citizens provide insights into social costs of nuclear power and decision making in energy policy. We show analytically that these ... -
Discrete Labor Supply: Empirical Evidence and Implications
VATT Working Papers : 132 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus, 25.05.2020)We provide novel evidence of discrete labor supply responses to tax incentives and study the broader implications of discrete rather than continuous labor supply. We utilize an income notch and a reform that shifted the ... -
The (Displacement) Effects of Spatially Targeted Enterprise Initiatives: Evidence from UK LEGI
VATT Working Papers : 71 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 07.03.2016)We investigate the impacts of a significant area-based intervention (LEGI) that aimed to increase employment and entrepreneurial activity in 30 disadvantaged areas across England. We examine the spatial pattern of effects ... -
Distributional effects of Finland's climate policy package - Calculations with the new income distribution module of the VATTAGE model
VATT Working Papers : 11 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 13.11.2009)In this report we present a new version of the VATTAGE AGE (Applied General Equilibrium) model, which enables distributional analysis of policy changes. We also report estimation results of LES consumption function for ... -
Dividend taxes and decisions of MNEs: Evidence from a Finnish tax reform
VATT Working Papers : 27 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 12.10.2011)We explore how a firm-level tax on redistributed foreign profits affects the choices of a multinational enterprise (MNE) using evidence from a recent tax reform in Finland. The so-called equalization tax (EQT) used to be ...