Finnish-American Architecture and Architects in Northern and Eastern Parts of the United States of America 1850–1950 : from Rural Tradition to Urban Ideal
Silén, Saija (2009)
Silén, Saija
Siirtolaisuusinstituutti
2009
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe202101141760
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe202101141760
Kuvaus
1. Introduction
1.1. The State of Research in Finnish – American Architectural History
1.2. The Questions and Methods – Travelling Without Moving
1.3. The Main Resources
1.4. Approach to the Architecture and Conditions in the United States
1.5. The Immigration
2. The Finnish Immigrants and their Architecture in North America
2.1. Building the New Life
2.2. From Vernacular Traditions towards the All-American Ideal
3. For a Common Good – Buildings of the Finnish-American Communities
3.1. Finnish-American Halls
3.2. Co-Operative Houses
3.3.The Churches
3.4. The Schools
4. Towards Professionalism - The Craftsmen and their Archictural Designs
4.1. Master Builders
4.2. Finnish-Americans as Architects
5. Finnish-Born Architects in the United States of America
5.1. Mauritz Rosenqvist ( 1847– unknown )
5.2. A. Werner Lignell
5.3. Eliel Saarinen (1873–1950)
5.4. John E. Wicks (1878–1963)
5.5. Lars Florell (1882 – 1971)
5.6. John Kasuri (1881–1960)
5.7. Paul (Paavo) Kasurin (1887–1951)
5.8. Wäinö Matti Wiitala (1898–1983)
5.9. Lauri Armas Lindell (1906–1979)
5.10. Sulho Alexander Nurmi (1907– 1977)
5.11. Eero Saarinen (1910–1961)
5.12. Reino (Ray) Aarnio (1912–1988)
5.13. Aaro Arvo Johannes Annala (1919– 1980´s)
5.14. Leo Jakobson (1919– 2000)
5.15. Eino Olavi Kainlauri (1922–2005)
6. Architects´ Connections to their Finnish Origins
7. Conclusions
7.1. The Contributions of the Vernacular Building Tradition of the Finns
7.2. The Contributions of the Finnish-American architects
7.3. The Future
References
Appendices
Illustrations.
1.1. The State of Research in Finnish – American Architectural History
1.2. The Questions and Methods – Travelling Without Moving
1.3. The Main Resources
1.4. Approach to the Architecture and Conditions in the United States
1.5. The Immigration
2. The Finnish Immigrants and their Architecture in North America
2.1. Building the New Life
2.2. From Vernacular Traditions towards the All-American Ideal
3. For a Common Good – Buildings of the Finnish-American Communities
3.1. Finnish-American Halls
3.2. Co-Operative Houses
3.3.The Churches
3.4. The Schools
4. Towards Professionalism - The Craftsmen and their Archictural Designs
4.1. Master Builders
4.2. Finnish-Americans as Architects
5. Finnish-Born Architects in the United States of America
5.1. Mauritz Rosenqvist ( 1847– unknown )
5.2. A. Werner Lignell
5.3. Eliel Saarinen (1873–1950)
5.4. John E. Wicks (1878–1963)
5.5. Lars Florell (1882 – 1971)
5.6. John Kasuri (1881–1960)
5.7. Paul (Paavo) Kasurin (1887–1951)
5.8. Wäinö Matti Wiitala (1898–1983)
5.9. Lauri Armas Lindell (1906–1979)
5.10. Sulho Alexander Nurmi (1907– 1977)
5.11. Eero Saarinen (1910–1961)
5.12. Reino (Ray) Aarnio (1912–1988)
5.13. Aaro Arvo Johannes Annala (1919– 1980´s)
5.14. Leo Jakobson (1919– 2000)
5.15. Eino Olavi Kainlauri (1922–2005)
6. Architects´ Connections to their Finnish Origins
7. Conclusions
7.1. The Contributions of the Vernacular Building Tradition of the Finns
7.2. The Contributions of the Finnish-American architects
7.3. The Future
References
Appendices
Illustrations.
Tiivistelmä
This study concerns the architecture of the Finnish-American immigrants, who migrated to the United States of America before the Second World War. It approaches the architecture of immigrants from two different views; first of all it shows how the immigrants built when they arrived to the United States of America and what architectural traditions they brought along from their homeland. The study also examines the ways their buildings changed through time and environment, and traces the development of Finnish-American housing in its eariest phase. The study also discusses the status of constructors, the apprentice educated builders of the Finnish community. Secondly this thesis approaches Finnish-American architecture from the view of the academically trained architects. One main goal of the study was to find Finnish-born architects and study their careers in the United States. Eliel and Eero Saarinen are, of course, the best known. But, for this researcher, a far more interesting task was to find and to trace other lesser known Finnish- American architects. This part of the study presented their biographies and main architectural designs. The question of ethnicity and origin has also been discussed in terms of Finnish-American architecture. Is there an underlying spirit of “Finnishness” in the architecture? My methology was primarily qualitative and involved an interdisciplinary approach to the subject. The architectural heritage of Finnish-America was viewed within their sociological, ethnographical and architecturalhistorical context. Individual buildings are discussed through architectural analyse and, when possible, are compared with Finnish architecture. In this way it was possible to distinguish the similarities and differences between the Finnish and Finnish-American building traditions and forms.