Language and Culture Contact and Attitudes among First Generation Australian Finns
Lammervo, Tiina (2007)
Lammervo, Tiina
Siirtolaisuusinstituutti
2007
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe20201215100669
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe20201215100669
Kuvaus
1. Introduction
1.1. Scope of the study
1.2. Language in emigration
1.3. Language attitudes
1.4. Finnish
1.5. Finnish outside Finland
1.6. English use in and influence in Finland
1.7. Languages in Australia
1.8. Finns and Finnish in Australia
1.9. Organisation of the thesis
2. Literature review
2.1. Attitudes
2.2. Cultural identity
2.3. Languages in contact
2.4. Attitudes, culture, identity and language contact with reference to Finns in Australia, North America and Sweden
2.5. Summary
3. Methodology and data sources
3.1. Informants
3.2. Data
3.3. Conversation data
3.4. Memoing
3.5. Summary
4. Finnish Language maintenance: data and analysis
4.1. Concordance data
4.2. Finnish and English language skills
4.3. Use of Finnish and English
4.4. Language maintenance
4.5. English influence in Australian Finnish
4.6. Bilingualism
4.7. Summary and discussion
5. Culture maintenance and identity: data and analysis
5.1. Culture maintenance
5.2. Identity
5.3. Summary and discussion
6. Conclusion
6.1. Attitudes and language use
6.2. Correlations
6.3. Summary
6.4. Implications for further research.
1.1. Scope of the study
1.2. Language in emigration
1.3. Language attitudes
1.4. Finnish
1.5. Finnish outside Finland
1.6. English use in and influence in Finland
1.7. Languages in Australia
1.8. Finns and Finnish in Australia
1.9. Organisation of the thesis
2. Literature review
2.1. Attitudes
2.2. Cultural identity
2.3. Languages in contact
2.4. Attitudes, culture, identity and language contact with reference to Finns in Australia, North America and Sweden
2.5. Summary
3. Methodology and data sources
3.1. Informants
3.2. Data
3.3. Conversation data
3.4. Memoing
3.5. Summary
4. Finnish Language maintenance: data and analysis
4.1. Concordance data
4.2. Finnish and English language skills
4.3. Use of Finnish and English
4.4. Language maintenance
4.5. English influence in Australian Finnish
4.6. Bilingualism
4.7. Summary and discussion
5. Culture maintenance and identity: data and analysis
5.1. Culture maintenance
5.2. Identity
5.3. Summary and discussion
6. Conclusion
6.1. Attitudes and language use
6.2. Correlations
6.3. Summary
6.4. Implications for further research.
Tiivistelmä
People of Finnish origin have been relocating to Australia ever since early colonial times. The largest immigrant groups arrived during the passage assistance schemes between the late 1950s and 1960s, when Finns were among the groups recruited by the Australian government. The number of Finland-born people in Australia has not exceeded 10,500. The 2001 Australian census recorded 8,259 Finland-born people. The numbers are declining as new migration is minimal.
The central question of the study is to examine if and how, in an immigrant context, language maintenance and language contact phenomena correspond to the language attitudes and background factors of first generation Australian Finns. The study investigates the connection between the language the immigrants speak (language contact phenomena), and the immigrants’ attitudes and background information such as language choice, maintenance efforts and contact with Finland and the local Finnish community. Profiles of typical Finnish maintainers or shifters are distinguished among the informants. The study concentrates on the relationship of different language and culture contact attitudes, and the correlation between these attitudes and behaviour.
The data was collected during informal meetings with thirty-one first generation Australian Finns in the Brisbane area. Informants completed a questionnaire on attitudes, language use and socio-economic background factors. Conversations were recorded to collect data on language contact and attitudes. The data was analysed by means of a combination of descriptive statistical tools and qualitative analysis.
The central question of the study is to examine if and how, in an immigrant context, language maintenance and language contact phenomena correspond to the language attitudes and background factors of first generation Australian Finns. The study investigates the connection between the language the immigrants speak (language contact phenomena), and the immigrants’ attitudes and background information such as language choice, maintenance efforts and contact with Finland and the local Finnish community. Profiles of typical Finnish maintainers or shifters are distinguished among the informants. The study concentrates on the relationship of different language and culture contact attitudes, and the correlation between these attitudes and behaviour.
The data was collected during informal meetings with thirty-one first generation Australian Finns in the Brisbane area. Informants completed a questionnaire on attitudes, language use and socio-economic background factors. Conversations were recorded to collect data on language contact and attitudes. The data was analysed by means of a combination of descriptive statistical tools and qualitative analysis.