An African Alternative : Nordic Migration to South Africa, 1815–1914
Kuparinen, Eero (1991)
Lataukset:
Kuparinen, Eero
Siirtolaisuusinstituutti : Suomen historiallinen seura
1991
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:951-9266-41-0
https://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:951-9266-41-0
Kuvaus
1. Introduction
1.1. The Context of the Investigation
1.2. The Research Design
1.3. Sources
1.4. The Applicability of Migration Statistics to the Investigation of the Migration to South Africa
2. Migration to South Africa from the Beginning of British Rule to the First World War (1815–1914)
2.1. The Assisted Immigration Era
2.2. Spontaneous Migration to South Africa
2.3. Migration and the Creation of a Nation
2.4. From British Settlement to International Migration: the Composition of the Migration to South Africa by Nationality of Origin
3. The Nordic Response to South Africa in the 19th Century: Growing Interest in a Land of Growing Opportunities
3.1. The Origins of Nordic Knowledge about South Africa
3.1.1. The Role of Literature and the Press in Propagating Information about South Africa
3.1.2. From Etappe Contacts to Freight Trade: Nordic Marine Contacts with South Africa during the 19th Century
3.2. Nordic Settlement in South Africa prior to the Rise of the Mining Industry (to 1885)
3.2.1. The First Half-Century of British Rule: The Swedish Era
3.2.2. Scandinavians and Assisted Passages in the 1870s: the Danish Invasion
3.2.3. Norwegian Settlers in Natal: from Missionaries into Settlers
3.2.4. Nordic Late Arrivals: Finnish Migration to South Africa
3.2.5. Regional Structure of Nordic Emigration to South Africa, 1815–1885
4. Nordic Migration to South Africa from the Rise of the Transvaal Gold Mining Industry to the First World War (1886–1914)
4.1. The Availability of lnformation and Transport (Factors within the Nordic Countries Enabling Migration)
4.1.1. The Expansion of lnformation on South Africa during the 1890s
4.1.2. The Road to South Africa: Restricted Entry
4.2. Fluctuations in the Migration Rate
4.2.1. The Early Mining Industry Period (1886–94)
4.2.2. The Era of Technological Efficiency and Political Deadlock (1895–99)
4.2.3. Disruption: the Boer War (1900–01)
4.2.4. The British Transvaal - Rise and Depression (1902–14)
4.3. Geographical Recruitment to the Nordic Migration to South Africa
4.3.1. Geographical and Chronological Variation
4.3.2. Regional Intensity
4.3.3. Divergent Geographical Patterns of Recruitment
4.3.4. Urban Concentration
4.3.5. Marine Contacts
4.3.6. The Significance of Push Factors
4.3.7. The Significance of Migration Tradition
4.4. Composition of the Nordic Migration to South Africa
4.4.1. Occupational and Social Composition
4.4.2. Age and Sex Composition
4.4.3. Marital Status
4.5. Return Migration
5. Conclusions
Appendices
Abbreviations
Sources
Index of Names of Places.
1.1. The Context of the Investigation
1.2. The Research Design
1.3. Sources
1.4. The Applicability of Migration Statistics to the Investigation of the Migration to South Africa
2. Migration to South Africa from the Beginning of British Rule to the First World War (1815–1914)
2.1. The Assisted Immigration Era
2.2. Spontaneous Migration to South Africa
2.3. Migration and the Creation of a Nation
2.4. From British Settlement to International Migration: the Composition of the Migration to South Africa by Nationality of Origin
3. The Nordic Response to South Africa in the 19th Century: Growing Interest in a Land of Growing Opportunities
3.1. The Origins of Nordic Knowledge about South Africa
3.1.1. The Role of Literature and the Press in Propagating Information about South Africa
3.1.2. From Etappe Contacts to Freight Trade: Nordic Marine Contacts with South Africa during the 19th Century
3.2. Nordic Settlement in South Africa prior to the Rise of the Mining Industry (to 1885)
3.2.1. The First Half-Century of British Rule: The Swedish Era
3.2.2. Scandinavians and Assisted Passages in the 1870s: the Danish Invasion
3.2.3. Norwegian Settlers in Natal: from Missionaries into Settlers
3.2.4. Nordic Late Arrivals: Finnish Migration to South Africa
3.2.5. Regional Structure of Nordic Emigration to South Africa, 1815–1885
4. Nordic Migration to South Africa from the Rise of the Transvaal Gold Mining Industry to the First World War (1886–1914)
4.1. The Availability of lnformation and Transport (Factors within the Nordic Countries Enabling Migration)
4.1.1. The Expansion of lnformation on South Africa during the 1890s
4.1.2. The Road to South Africa: Restricted Entry
4.2. Fluctuations in the Migration Rate
4.2.1. The Early Mining Industry Period (1886–94)
4.2.2. The Era of Technological Efficiency and Political Deadlock (1895–99)
4.2.3. Disruption: the Boer War (1900–01)
4.2.4. The British Transvaal - Rise and Depression (1902–14)
4.3. Geographical Recruitment to the Nordic Migration to South Africa
4.3.1. Geographical and Chronological Variation
4.3.2. Regional Intensity
4.3.3. Divergent Geographical Patterns of Recruitment
4.3.4. Urban Concentration
4.3.5. Marine Contacts
4.3.6. The Significance of Push Factors
4.3.7. The Significance of Migration Tradition
4.4. Composition of the Nordic Migration to South Africa
4.4.1. Occupational and Social Composition
4.4.2. Age and Sex Composition
4.4.3. Marital Status
4.5. Return Migration
5. Conclusions
Appendices
Abbreviations
Sources
Index of Names of Places.
Tiivistelmä
During the 19th century migrations, tens of millions of Europeans exchanged their native lands for new homes beyond the oceans. Although the great majority made their way to North America, the other continents received their share, too. One of the least conspicuous groups of migrants consisted of those moving to South Africa, and they are also amongst the least investigated. In this study the migration to South Africa has been examined in terms of the movement from the four Nordic countries, Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden.